Evaluating Plaque Morphology With IVUS Catheters
Understanding plaque morphology is one of the most important aspects of diagnosing and treating cardiovascular disease. IVUS catheters give clinicians an unparalleled view of plaque characteristics, helping determine whether a lesion is stable, vulnerable, or likely to rupture. Unlike angiography, which shows only the silhouette of the blood vessel, IVUS provides detailed cross-sectional images of the vessel wall and its internal structure.
Different types of plaque—fibrous, calcified, lipid-rich—present different risks and require different treatment strategies. IVUS imaging helps differentiate these types with clarity. For example, heavily calcified plaque often requires atherectomy or specialized balloon technologies before stent placement. Soft, lipid-rich plaque, on the other hand, may be more prone to rupture and cause acute coronary events.
IVUS is also invaluable for identifying features such as positive remodeling, plaque burden percentage, and minimal luminal area. These measurements guide clinicians on whether a lesion requires intervention or can be managed medically. In cases where a patient experiences unexplained symptoms despite a normal angiogram, IVUS may reveal hidden plaque or subtle irregularities that change the treatment plan.
Virtual histology IVUS takes plaque evaluation one step further by assigning color codes to different tissue types, offering a near-histological representation of the plaque structure. This enhances diagnostic accuracy and supports clinical decisions with more confidence.
By providing such detailed insights, IVUS catheters help physicians create personalized treatment plans based on the true nature of a patient’s vascular disease. This deeper understanding ultimately contributes to earlier intervention, reduced complications, and improved long-term health.